Proscar (Finasteride)

What Is Proscar (Finasteride)?

Proscar is the brand name for a medication called Finasteride. It belongs to a class of drugs known as 5-alpha-reductase inhibitors. Proscar is primarily used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a condition in which the prostate gland becomes enlarged. By inhibiting the action of the 5-alpha-reductase enzyme, Proscar reduces the conversion of testosterone into dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a hormone that contributes to prostate enlargement.

In addition to its use for BPH, Proscar is also prescribed in a lower dosage under the brand name Propecia for treating male pattern baldness (androgenetic alopecia). The reduction in DHT levels helps slow down hair loss and promote hair regrowth in certain individuals.

As with any medication, Proscar may have side effects, including sexual side effects such as decreased libido and erectile dysfunction. It’s important for individuals considering or using Proscar to discuss potential risks and benefits with their healthcare provider, especially if there are concerns about its impact on sexual function. Regular monitoring and communication with a healthcare professional are essential for those using Proscar for either BPH or hair loss.

Ingredients of Proscar (Finasteride)

The active ingredient in Proscar is finasteride. Each Proscar tablet typically contains 5 milligrams of finasteride.

It’s important to note that while Proscar is used for BPH, a lower-dose form of finasteride (1 milligram) is also available and commonly prescribed for treating male pattern baldness. 

Uses of Proscar (Finasteride)

Proscar, or finasteride, is primarily used for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), a non-cancerous enlargement of the prostate gland. The prostate is a small gland that is part of the male reproductive system and can enlarge with age, causing symptoms such as difficulty urinating, a weak urine stream, and the need to urinate frequently.

Finasteride works by inhibiting the action of the hormone dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is involved in the enlargement of the prostate. By reducing DHT levels, Proscar helps alleviate the symptoms associated with BPH and may also slow the condition’s progression.

In addition to its use for BPH, a lower-dose form of finasteride (1 milligram) is also prescribed for treating male pattern baldness, a condition known as androgenetic alopecia. In this context, finasteride helps prevent further hair loss and may promote hair regrowth.

4-year Study Confirms That the Drug Alters the Progression of BPH

A four-year study confirms that finasteride (Proscar/Merck) reduces the need for surgery by half in men experiencing acute urinary retention. The study of 3,040 men showed that those taking the drug were 55% less likely to need prostate surgery; men who did not have acute urinary retention were 57% less likely to develop the condition than men who were not taking the drug. The drug “clearly alters the progression of BPH,” said Dr. John McConnell of Southwestern Medical Center, University of Texas, and head of the Proscar Long-Term Efficacy and Safety Study (PLESS). The benefits of the drug continued over the four-year study period.

Dosage Sizes

The typical dosage for Proscar (finasteride) when used for treating benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a 5-milligram tablet taken orally once a day. This is the standard dose for managing symptoms associated with an enlarged prostate.

A lower dose of finasteride is used to treat male pattern baldness (androgenetic alopecia). In this case, a 1-milligram tablet is commonly prescribed, often under the brand name Propecia. This lower dose is effective in helping to prevent further hair loss and, in some cases, promoting hair regrowth.

Following the prescribed dosage and instructions your healthcare provider provides is essential. If you have any questions or concerns about the dosage or potential side effects, it’s advisable to consult with your healthcare professional for personalized guidance.

Important Safety Information 

Pregnant women or women planning to become pregnant should not handle crushed or broken Proscar tablets. Finasteride can be absorbed through the skin, and exposure during pregnancy may cause harm to a developing male fetus.

Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to finasteride, such as rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing. Seek medical attention if you observe any signs of an allergic reaction.

While Proscar is used to treat symptoms of an enlarged prostate, it may also reduce the risk of developing prostate cancer. However, there is a small risk that high-grade prostate cancer may occur. Discuss the benefits and potential risks with your healthcare provider.

Inform your healthcare provider of your medical history, especially if you have liver disease, urinary problems, or a history of allergic reactions to similar medications.

Tell your healthcare provider about all your medications, including prescription, over-the-counter, herbal supplements, and vitamins. Certain medications may interact with finasteride.

Contraindications

For Proscar (finasteride), contraindications include:

1. Pregnancy and Breastfeeding: Proscar is not indicated for use in women, especially pregnant women. It can cause harm to a developing male fetus. Women who are pregnant or may become pregnant should avoid handling crushed or broken Proscar tablets.
2. Allergic Reactions: Individuals with a known hypersensitivity or allergy to finasteride or any of the components of the medication should not use Proscar.
3. Pediatric Use: Proscar is not typically prescribed for use in children or adolescents. The safety and efficacy of finasteride in this population have not been established.
4. Liver Dysfunction: Individuals with severe liver disease may have altered finasteride metabolism. You must inform your healthcare provider of any liver conditions before starting Proscar.
5. Interaction with Other Medications: Some medications may interact with finasteride, affecting its efficacy or increasing the risk of side effects. Inform your healthcare provider about all medications, including over-the-counter drugs and supplements, that you are taking.

Always consult your healthcare provider to determine whether Proscar suits you, considering your medical history, current medications, and overall health status. If you have any concerns or experience adverse effects, seek prompt medical attention.

Side Effects 

Proscar (finasteride) may cause side effects in some individuals. It’s important to note that not everyone will experience these side effects, and the medication is well-tolerated for many people. Common side effects of Proscar include:

• Sexual Side Effects: This can include a decrease in sexual desire (libido), erectile dysfunction, and a reduction in the volume of ejaculation. These side effects are usually reversible upon discontinuation of the medication.
• Breast Tenderness or Enlargement: Some individuals may experience breast tenderness or enlargement (gynecomastia). If this occurs, it’s advisable to inform your healthcare provider.
• Allergic Reactions: While rare, allergic reactions to finasteride can occur. Symptoms may include rash, itching, swelling, severe dizziness, or difficulty breathing. Seek medical attention if you suspect an allergic reaction.
• Depression or Anxiety: In some cases, individuals using finasteride have reported mood changes, including feelings of depression or anxiety. If you experience significant mood changes, discussing this with your healthcare provider is important.
• Testicular Pain: Some men may experience pain or discomfort in the testicles.

It’s crucial to report any side effects to your healthcare provider promptly. Additionally, discuss the benefits and potential risks of Proscar based on your individual health and medical history. 

Overdose

In case of an overdose of Proscar (finasteride), it’s essential to seek medical attention immediately. While serious adverse effects due to an overdose are not common, it’s essential to take the medication exactly as prescribed by your healthcare provider.

If you suspect an overdose or experience symptoms such as dizziness, weakness, or fainting, contact emergency medical services or a poison control center right away. Provide them with information about the medication, the amount taken, and any symptoms you may be experiencing.

There is no specific antidote for finasteride overdose, so treatment generally involves supportive care to address and manage symptoms. It’s crucial to avoid self-medicating or adjusting the dosage without consulting a healthcare professional.

How to Store

Store Proscar at room temperature, away from extreme heat or cold. Avoid exposing the medication to temperatures above 86°F (30°C) or below 59°F (15°C).

Keep it in its original packaging and protect it from moisture. Avoid storing it in bathrooms or other humid environments. Additionally, keep the medication away from direct sunlight.

Store Proscar in a childproof container and keep it out of reach of children.

Proscar tablets are film-coated to prevent contact with the active ingredient. Do not split, crush, or break the tablets unless specifically instructed by your healthcare provider.

Take note of the expiration date on the medication packaging. Do not use Proscar after the expiration date has passed.